abs-cbnNEWS.com | 05/25/2009 7:50 PM
Despite an environment of rising costs as caused by the global crisis, Philippine Airlines (PAL) said it will push through with its expansion plans this year.
According to PAL Vice President for marketing Felix Cruz, the country's flagship carrier has job openings for reservation, ground crew, and flight staff as it prepares for the delivery of new planes.
"We expect delivery of five Boeing 777-300ERs, which will be deployed for US flights," he said at the Trabaho sa Turismo job fair in Pasay City over the weekend.
He added that PAL remains optimistic about its expansion despite the economic downturn and the influenza A (H1N1) scare, which has grounded many flights of many international carriers.
PAL is awaiting the lifting of the Category 2 rating imposed by the United States Federal Aviation Administration on the Philippine civil aviation system, which prevented PAL from expanding services to the US.
In the second half of 2008, the airline managed to increase its flights to its US West Coast gateways of Los Angeles and San Francisco, adding up to 1,320 seats weekly on PAL's trans-Pacific routes.
Passenger demand
In the said fair during the weekend, Tourism Secretary Ace Durano said tourist traffic in the country's top 15 destinations rose 10.3 percent in the first three months of the year.
This is in contrast with the International Air Transport Association (IATA), which earlier reported an 11.1-percent drop in air passenger demand in March even as airlines cut international passenger capacity by 4.4 percent.
IATA Director General Giovanni Bisigniani said the Asia-Pacific region is particularly hit by the slump in international air travel, with a 14.5-percent drop in passenger demand.
Monday, May 25, 2009
PAL inks marketing deal with Travelport
Business Mirror
May 25, 2009
Philippine Airlines (PAL) and Travelport, one of the world’s largest travel conglomerates, signed a three-year global-marketing agreement that enables Galileo, Apollo and Worldspan connected travel agents to access automated market fares and take advantage of additional functionality until the end of 2011.
The Travelport deal includes two strategic solutions for PAL’s customers with the implementation of Octopus Travel hotel content on the PAL website and the use of Travelport Rapid Reprice, an automated ticket-repricing product.
Octopus Travel, Travelport’s innovative online travel company, provides hotel content on PAL’s web site (http://www.philippineairlines.com/hotels), giving customers’ access to more than 21,000 hotels in 129 countries. The expanded hotel offering provides customers with a wide mix of lodgings at affordable prices ranging from one to five star hotels, international chains to small boutique hotels. Customers can also compare prices, view hotel locations and evaluate hotel amenities.
PAL also becomes the first Asian carrier to implement Travelport Rapid Reprice, which enables PAL to recalculate a ticket reflecting the appropriate taxes, additional collections, refunds, penalties or administrative fees. The automated product minimizes revenue leakage from miscalculated collections and fees that remain inherent in a manual repricing process.
It also virtually eliminates debit memos due to superior data integrity and repricing accuracy. The solution facilitates repricing of tickets irrespective of the booking system that the ticket was issued on.
“We are glad to work with Travelport in offering new cutting-edge, automated services to our customers. It enhances the features of our website through Octopus Travel as well as the convenience of an automated re-pricing tool and refund for our sales offices through Rapid Reprice,” said Enrique Javier, PAL for sales.
“This partnership with Travelport gives our customers a wider choice of hotels while browsing PAL’s web site [Octopus trave], over and above the accommodations included in PAL’s tour packages [PALakbayan and Swingaround],” he added.
Brad Holman, President and managing director of Travelport GDS-Asia Pacific said, “We are celebrating three ‘firsts’ in the Philippines today. This signing represents the first marketing agreement between PAL and Travelport. It also marks Rapid Reprice’s first airline customer in Asia, as well as PAL’s expanded hotel choice for customers with its tie-up with Octopus Travel.”
“Travelport works closely with our airline partners to provide them with products that help them stay ahead of the competition, improve the overall customer experience, grow revenue while also keeping costs as pared down as possible. Airline ticket reissue headaches can be a thing of the past with Rapid Reprice. The product dramatically reduces the number of key strokes involved in repricing a ticket from around 500 strokes to less than 10, thus improving the airline’s productivity, efficiency and accuracy,” Holman added.
Travelport’s Rapid Reprice™ is used by airlines to automate the complex, time-consuming itinerary repricing function. Rapid Reprice automatically integrates fare and rule categories from SITA and Airline Tariff Publishing Co. (ATPCO) including voluntary changes, net fares, private fares and fare-by-rule.
Travelport Rapid Reprice has been delivering financial rewards to some of the world’s largest carriers including United Airlines, Delta and Emirates. The product was first launched in 1999 via the Worldspan GDS platform and more than 27 million transactions were processed using Travelport Rapid Reprice last year.
More than 100 million fully automated transactions have been processed since launch, demonstrating the product’s unique functionality and scalability.
May 25, 2009
Philippine Airlines (PAL) and Travelport, one of the world’s largest travel conglomerates, signed a three-year global-marketing agreement that enables Galileo, Apollo and Worldspan connected travel agents to access automated market fares and take advantage of additional functionality until the end of 2011.
The Travelport deal includes two strategic solutions for PAL’s customers with the implementation of Octopus Travel hotel content on the PAL website and the use of Travelport Rapid Reprice, an automated ticket-repricing product.
Octopus Travel, Travelport’s innovative online travel company, provides hotel content on PAL’s web site (http://www.philippineairlines.com/hotels), giving customers’ access to more than 21,000 hotels in 129 countries. The expanded hotel offering provides customers with a wide mix of lodgings at affordable prices ranging from one to five star hotels, international chains to small boutique hotels. Customers can also compare prices, view hotel locations and evaluate hotel amenities.
PAL also becomes the first Asian carrier to implement Travelport Rapid Reprice, which enables PAL to recalculate a ticket reflecting the appropriate taxes, additional collections, refunds, penalties or administrative fees. The automated product minimizes revenue leakage from miscalculated collections and fees that remain inherent in a manual repricing process.
It also virtually eliminates debit memos due to superior data integrity and repricing accuracy. The solution facilitates repricing of tickets irrespective of the booking system that the ticket was issued on.
“We are glad to work with Travelport in offering new cutting-edge, automated services to our customers. It enhances the features of our website through Octopus Travel as well as the convenience of an automated re-pricing tool and refund for our sales offices through Rapid Reprice,” said Enrique Javier, PAL for sales.
“This partnership with Travelport gives our customers a wider choice of hotels while browsing PAL’s web site [Octopus trave], over and above the accommodations included in PAL’s tour packages [PALakbayan and Swingaround],” he added.
Brad Holman, President and managing director of Travelport GDS-Asia Pacific said, “We are celebrating three ‘firsts’ in the Philippines today. This signing represents the first marketing agreement between PAL and Travelport. It also marks Rapid Reprice’s first airline customer in Asia, as well as PAL’s expanded hotel choice for customers with its tie-up with Octopus Travel.”
“Travelport works closely with our airline partners to provide them with products that help them stay ahead of the competition, improve the overall customer experience, grow revenue while also keeping costs as pared down as possible. Airline ticket reissue headaches can be a thing of the past with Rapid Reprice. The product dramatically reduces the number of key strokes involved in repricing a ticket from around 500 strokes to less than 10, thus improving the airline’s productivity, efficiency and accuracy,” Holman added.
Travelport’s Rapid Reprice™ is used by airlines to automate the complex, time-consuming itinerary repricing function. Rapid Reprice automatically integrates fare and rule categories from SITA and Airline Tariff Publishing Co. (ATPCO) including voluntary changes, net fares, private fares and fare-by-rule.
Travelport Rapid Reprice has been delivering financial rewards to some of the world’s largest carriers including United Airlines, Delta and Emirates. The product was first launched in 1999 via the Worldspan GDS platform and more than 27 million transactions were processed using Travelport Rapid Reprice last year.
More than 100 million fully automated transactions have been processed since launch, demonstrating the product’s unique functionality and scalability.
Sunday, May 17, 2009
PAL refurbishes B747 with world-class amenities
Philippine Star
Updated May 17, 2009 12:00 AM
MANILA, Philippines – Philippine Airlines (PAL) recently rolled out its second reconfigured Boeing 747-400 that features brand new and luxurious cabin amenities rivaling some of the world’s best airlines.
The upgrading is part of PAL’s US$50-million aircraft refurbishment program. It started last year after the airline management decided to reconfigure its long-haul aircraft to bi-class – taking out the First Class section – in keeping with the trend of major airlines worldwide.
The latest PAL B747-400 to undergo a facelift completed its three-month refurbishment on April 9, 2009 at PAL’s maintenance service provider in Taipei. New business and economy class seats, state-of-the-art inflight entertainment system and a new cabin design were installed in the aircraft.
The new cabin amenities and interior look can be viewed even without boarding the aircraft by taking the B747 cabin virtual tour at PAL’s website (philippineairlines.com) where an interactive 360 degree view of Mabuhay (lower and upper deck) and economy class can be accessed. The virtual tour is available on the website starting May 18.
Renowned aircraft seat manufacturer Recaro of Germany supplied the 391 seats (56 in Mabuhay and 335 in fiesta), offering generous seat pitch (60 inches in Mabuhay and 32 to 34 inches in economy). Luxurious Mabuhay seats are ergonomically designed and can be transformed into a lie-flat bed complete with a cocoon-type privacy shell.
Each seat has audio/video on-demand capability, including a personal TV (10 to 15-inch monitors for Mabuhay and nine-inch monitors for economy). The state-of-the-art inflight entertainment system allows passengers to choose from a library of video and audio content, including 18 movies, 8 TV programs, 12 radio channels and 50 CD albums. Digital games are also available for young passengers while in-seat power for laptops is provided in Mabuhay class.
Passengers are also welcomed by the cabin’s new look and feel – coastal-themed interiors characterized by palm-tree landscape design at the fore and aft sections of the aircraft, deep-blue seat upholstery with silvery-copper threads in Mabuhay class and undulating wave-pattern of blue, aqua and terracotta palette in Economy. To complete the airy, spacious feel, curtains, carpet and surfaces are in shades of blue, white, gray, silver and tan.
The refurbishment/reconfiguration of the B747s is capped by a new type of Mabuhay Class meal service called “One-by-One” – a la carte service where passengers select their own meal from a variety of choices. Each dish is individually plated, giving each meal a tailored touch, in the tradition of fine-dining restaurants. On-demand service means passengers can take their meals anytime during the flight.
Refurbishment of the first PAL B747-400 was completed in October 2008, signaling the start of a $50-million refurbishment program of PAL’s flagship aircraft. RP-C7471 was also equipped with the same world-class amenities.
Updated May 17, 2009 12:00 AM
MANILA, Philippines – Philippine Airlines (PAL) recently rolled out its second reconfigured Boeing 747-400 that features brand new and luxurious cabin amenities rivaling some of the world’s best airlines.
The upgrading is part of PAL’s US$50-million aircraft refurbishment program. It started last year after the airline management decided to reconfigure its long-haul aircraft to bi-class – taking out the First Class section – in keeping with the trend of major airlines worldwide.
The latest PAL B747-400 to undergo a facelift completed its three-month refurbishment on April 9, 2009 at PAL’s maintenance service provider in Taipei. New business and economy class seats, state-of-the-art inflight entertainment system and a new cabin design were installed in the aircraft.
The new cabin amenities and interior look can be viewed even without boarding the aircraft by taking the B747 cabin virtual tour at PAL’s website (philippineairlines.com) where an interactive 360 degree view of Mabuhay (lower and upper deck) and economy class can be accessed. The virtual tour is available on the website starting May 18.
Renowned aircraft seat manufacturer Recaro of Germany supplied the 391 seats (56 in Mabuhay and 335 in fiesta), offering generous seat pitch (60 inches in Mabuhay and 32 to 34 inches in economy). Luxurious Mabuhay seats are ergonomically designed and can be transformed into a lie-flat bed complete with a cocoon-type privacy shell.
Each seat has audio/video on-demand capability, including a personal TV (10 to 15-inch monitors for Mabuhay and nine-inch monitors for economy). The state-of-the-art inflight entertainment system allows passengers to choose from a library of video and audio content, including 18 movies, 8 TV programs, 12 radio channels and 50 CD albums. Digital games are also available for young passengers while in-seat power for laptops is provided in Mabuhay class.
Passengers are also welcomed by the cabin’s new look and feel – coastal-themed interiors characterized by palm-tree landscape design at the fore and aft sections of the aircraft, deep-blue seat upholstery with silvery-copper threads in Mabuhay class and undulating wave-pattern of blue, aqua and terracotta palette in Economy. To complete the airy, spacious feel, curtains, carpet and surfaces are in shades of blue, white, gray, silver and tan.
The refurbishment/reconfiguration of the B747s is capped by a new type of Mabuhay Class meal service called “One-by-One” – a la carte service where passengers select their own meal from a variety of choices. Each dish is individually plated, giving each meal a tailored touch, in the tradition of fine-dining restaurants. On-demand service means passengers can take their meals anytime during the flight.
Refurbishment of the first PAL B747-400 was completed in October 2008, signaling the start of a $50-million refurbishment program of PAL’s flagship aircraft. RP-C7471 was also equipped with the same world-class amenities.
Thursday, May 14, 2009
Holdings firm set to prepay PAL notes, debt
Philippine Daily Inquirer
By Riza T. Olchondra
May 14, 2009
MANILA, Philippines—Philippine Airlines unsecured zero coupon notes and bilateral loans due in 2011 are set to be prepaid through the controlling shareholder of its parent company, PAL Holdings Inc.
In a disclosure to the Philippine Stock Exchange, PAL Holdings said its controlling shareholder, Trustmark Holdings Corp., “proposes to buy a combination of notes and other [debts] up to an aggregate principal amount of $143 million, at its sole discretion.”
The buyback will be undertaken through a so-called Dutch auction, or an open descending price auction.
The aggregate principal amount of notes and loans combined is about $220 million.
The early tender is set on May 19. Those who will tender their notes by this time will receive their purchase price plus an early tender premium.
The offer expires on May 22 at 4 p.m. (GMT). The transaction is expected to be settled on May 29, PAL Holdings said.
JP Morgan Securities Ltd. is the sole dealer and manager of this transaction.
As part of the transaction, Trustmark will become the beneficial owner of the purchased notes and other debts.
PAL Holdings said that Trustmark would use the proceeds for future equity subscriptions.
Trustmark is controlled by PAL chair Lucio Tan.
It is the primary shareholder of PAL Holdings Inc. which, in turn, owns 84 percent of the issued share capital of the flag carrier.
By Riza T. Olchondra
May 14, 2009
MANILA, Philippines—Philippine Airlines unsecured zero coupon notes and bilateral loans due in 2011 are set to be prepaid through the controlling shareholder of its parent company, PAL Holdings Inc.
In a disclosure to the Philippine Stock Exchange, PAL Holdings said its controlling shareholder, Trustmark Holdings Corp., “proposes to buy a combination of notes and other [debts] up to an aggregate principal amount of $143 million, at its sole discretion.”
The buyback will be undertaken through a so-called Dutch auction, or an open descending price auction.
The aggregate principal amount of notes and loans combined is about $220 million.
The early tender is set on May 19. Those who will tender their notes by this time will receive their purchase price plus an early tender premium.
The offer expires on May 22 at 4 p.m. (GMT). The transaction is expected to be settled on May 29, PAL Holdings said.
JP Morgan Securities Ltd. is the sole dealer and manager of this transaction.
As part of the transaction, Trustmark will become the beneficial owner of the purchased notes and other debts.
PAL Holdings said that Trustmark would use the proceeds for future equity subscriptions.
Trustmark is controlled by PAL chair Lucio Tan.
It is the primary shareholder of PAL Holdings Inc. which, in turn, owns 84 percent of the issued share capital of the flag carrier.
Friday, February 13, 2009
PAL Interclub lures RP's past, present and future champs
Daily Mirror
Feb 13, 2009
If one goes over the list of players who have participated in the Philippine Airlines Interclub Golf Tournament, it would be safe to conclude that the annual golfing event that had its auspicious beginnings in 1948 has lured the country’s past, present and future champions.
Here’s why: in the inaugural tournament, Wack Wack Golf and Country Club played host to five other teams: Manila Golf Club, Buayas Link, Negros Occidental, Cebu Country Club and the United States Army.
What highlighted the event was the presence of four men who conceptualized and then launched what is now generally considered as the country’s national team championship: PAL senior vice president Buenaventura Veloso, Col. Ramon Zosa, Ben Gaston and Leopoldo Rovira.
Since then, the list of the player was virtually an RP golf who’s who, starting with pioneers Johnny Cuadrado, Stewart Barnett, Sol Alcantara, Carlos Coscolluela, Mervyn Simpson, Benny Laperal and Pedro Lopez.
After that, the list just keeps on improving like wine: Luis “Golem” Silverio, Agustin Coscolluela, Jr., Manuel Rodriguez, Alex Prieto, Manuel Nieto, Alex Montelibano, Jose “Tetu” Santos, Steve Cuenca, Francis Gaston, Tommy Monotoc and Alan Gaston.
After that came Frankie Minoza, Howie Hagedorn, Felix de Leon, Emilio Tuason, Cassius Casas, Gil Ababa, Mario Manibay, Antolin Fernando, Norman Sto. Domingo, Delano Bangay, Rudy Basak, Jr., Robert Pactolerin and Nestor “Jun Jun” Plana, Jr.
The list goes on: Panchito Garcia, Jose Cedo, Jr., Dave Hernandez, Rolando Viray, Cesar Ababa, Danny Zarate, Bong Lopez, Jake Tan, Ruben Sasutil, Wigberto “Iggy” Clavecilla, Richard Singueo, Juan Miguel Rocha, Angelo Que, Jonel Ababa, Mark Fernando and Erwin Vinluan.
This year’s action starts February 19 with the staging of the 22nd Senior's championship, followed by the 62nd Men’s regular tournament February 25. The Apo Golf and Country Club and Rancho Palos Verdes Golf and Country Club of Davao are the hosts.
This year’s platinum sponsors are Solar Sports, Mizuno, MTV Philippines, Radio Mindanao Network, Business Mirror, Lifestyle (ABS-CBN cable network), Airbus and Boeing.
The major backers are XFM 92.3, Crossover 105.5, Bombo Radyo, People Asia, Royal Caribbean and Crown Asia, with Inquirer.net and PAGCOR as corporate supporters.
Completing the sponsor’s list are Century Park Hotel and Rajah Broadcasting Network.
The traditional hitting of ceremonial drives will highlight both events on February 18 in the Senior's event at Rancho Palos Verdes and February 25 at Apo for the Men’s regular.
PAL Assistant Senior VP for Mindanao Domingo Duerme is tournament chairman.
Seventy seven international teams from the United States, Canada, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Asia and the Philippines are competing in the Senior's event and 76 in the Men’s regular. To be contested are team and individual trophies in the Championship, Founders, Sportswriters and Friendship divisions.
Feb 13, 2009
If one goes over the list of players who have participated in the Philippine Airlines Interclub Golf Tournament, it would be safe to conclude that the annual golfing event that had its auspicious beginnings in 1948 has lured the country’s past, present and future champions.
Here’s why: in the inaugural tournament, Wack Wack Golf and Country Club played host to five other teams: Manila Golf Club, Buayas Link, Negros Occidental, Cebu Country Club and the United States Army.
What highlighted the event was the presence of four men who conceptualized and then launched what is now generally considered as the country’s national team championship: PAL senior vice president Buenaventura Veloso, Col. Ramon Zosa, Ben Gaston and Leopoldo Rovira.
Since then, the list of the player was virtually an RP golf who’s who, starting with pioneers Johnny Cuadrado, Stewart Barnett, Sol Alcantara, Carlos Coscolluela, Mervyn Simpson, Benny Laperal and Pedro Lopez.
After that, the list just keeps on improving like wine: Luis “Golem” Silverio, Agustin Coscolluela, Jr., Manuel Rodriguez, Alex Prieto, Manuel Nieto, Alex Montelibano, Jose “Tetu” Santos, Steve Cuenca, Francis Gaston, Tommy Monotoc and Alan Gaston.
After that came Frankie Minoza, Howie Hagedorn, Felix de Leon, Emilio Tuason, Cassius Casas, Gil Ababa, Mario Manibay, Antolin Fernando, Norman Sto. Domingo, Delano Bangay, Rudy Basak, Jr., Robert Pactolerin and Nestor “Jun Jun” Plana, Jr.
The list goes on: Panchito Garcia, Jose Cedo, Jr., Dave Hernandez, Rolando Viray, Cesar Ababa, Danny Zarate, Bong Lopez, Jake Tan, Ruben Sasutil, Wigberto “Iggy” Clavecilla, Richard Singueo, Juan Miguel Rocha, Angelo Que, Jonel Ababa, Mark Fernando and Erwin Vinluan.
This year’s action starts February 19 with the staging of the 22nd Senior's championship, followed by the 62nd Men’s regular tournament February 25. The Apo Golf and Country Club and Rancho Palos Verdes Golf and Country Club of Davao are the hosts.
This year’s platinum sponsors are Solar Sports, Mizuno, MTV Philippines, Radio Mindanao Network, Business Mirror, Lifestyle (ABS-CBN cable network), Airbus and Boeing.
The major backers are XFM 92.3, Crossover 105.5, Bombo Radyo, People Asia, Royal Caribbean and Crown Asia, with Inquirer.net and PAGCOR as corporate supporters.
Completing the sponsor’s list are Century Park Hotel and Rajah Broadcasting Network.
The traditional hitting of ceremonial drives will highlight both events on February 18 in the Senior's event at Rancho Palos Verdes and February 25 at Apo for the Men’s regular.
PAL Assistant Senior VP for Mindanao Domingo Duerme is tournament chairman.
Seventy seven international teams from the United States, Canada, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Asia and the Philippines are competing in the Senior's event and 76 in the Men’s regular. To be contested are team and individual trophies in the Championship, Founders, Sportswriters and Friendship divisions.
Monday, September 20, 1999
GSIS, RSBS, Malulugi sa Pagsasara ng PAL
Kabayan
Sunday, September 20, 1999
By Divine De Guzman
Sunday, September 20, 1999
By Divine De Guzman
KASAMA ang apat na Government Financial Institution (GFI) at Armed Forces of the Philippines-Retirement and Separation Benefits System (APP-RSBS) sa maaapektuhan ng pagsasara ng Philippine Airlines (PAL) sa Huwebes, ayon sa isang mambabatas.
Ayon kay Senador Gregorio Honasan, maging ang Government Service Insurance System (GSIS), Land Bank of the Philippines (landbank), Philippine National Bank (PNB) at Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP) ay kabilang sa maaapektuhan ng nasabing pagsasara.
Anya, ang GSIS ay mayroong shares of stock sa PAL na umaabot sa 150 million shares, samantalang ang Landbank na ay may 75 million shares. Ang PNB ay may-ari ng 50 million shares at 49 million shares ay ang pag-aari ng DBP.
Ang RSBS ay mayroong P500 milyong halaga ng investment sa nasabing airline.
"Ang pagsasara ng PAL ay hindi lamang dagdag na pahirap sa ating naghihikahos na ekonomiya dahil sa pagkawala ng trahaho ng may 9,000 empleyado nito kundi maging sa may limang institusyon ng pamahalaan na maaapektuhan din nito," ani Honasan:
Sinabi ni Senador Rodolfo Biazon na malulugi ang may P500 milyon dahil sa pangyayari.
Ang pagsasara ng PAL ay kaugnay na rin sa pagbawi ng unyon sa unang napagkasunduan nila ng management kung saan pumirma ang may 21-kataong board of directors ng PAL Employees’ Association (PALEA) sa isang compromise agreement na magbibigay sana sa kanila ng 20 porsyento ng shares of stock ng airlines.
Sunday, January 3, 1999
PAL: Open and Shut Case
Philippine Daily Inquirer
Sunday, January 3, 1999
FREE FALLING in severe turbulence all year, Philippine Airlines came close to crashing. Hobbled by labor problems and the Asian financial crisis, the national flag carrier struggled all year to stay in the air. But for a few days in late September and early October, the national flag carrier and Asia’s first airline disappeared from Philippine skies for the first time since its founding in 1941.
Its beleaguered captain , majority owner Lucio Tan, decided to close the financially troubled airline after firing more than 600 striking pilots and failing to get ground crew union to accept a survival package.
Competitors, including Hong Kong-based Cathay Pacific, took over PAL’s routes with gusto, but they simply could not fill the void left by PAL as the primary domestic carrier of people, mail, newspaper and goods. Allied industries, like hotel, travel and tourism, were on the verge of collapse.
The union reversed itself and grudgingly accepted the offer, which included owning 20 percent of the airline, only after President Estrada stopped into the negotiation. That allowed the airline to fly again.
Tan, after six years of what he considered a hostile government under then President Fidel Ramos, finally found an ally in MalacaƱang—Mr. Estrada.
But potential foreign investors—Cathay Pacific and Northwest Airlines—failed to reach agreement with PAL for a partnership.
By year’s end, PAL was in a situation worse than when the year started, its fate still very much up in the turbulent air.
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